The crisis encountered by the Italian political parties has hit them in their multiple duties of structures for participation and integration and of organisations for decision making. The results of the latest elections-increase in the floating vote and in abstentions, the success of unusual parties such as the radical party or the regional parties show the difficulties which the parties are facing in their relations with their electors. The specific form of the Italian party System, characterized both by the domination of two groups the Christian Democrats and Communists obtaining nearly two thirds of the votes, and by an extreme multiplicity of parties, such that eleven groups are represented in Parliament, renders the constitution of governmental alliances extremely precarious and difficult. After the center (1947-1962) the center-left (1962-1976) the national unity established in 1974 fell apart in 1979. Since April 1980 the governability of the country rests on a new agreement between Christian-Democrats and Socialists. But the ambiguity of the intentions of the two partners and the uncertainty of both the Communist attitude and the results of the next elections make it impossible to determine if it is a new edition of the center-left or a step towards an unknown solution.
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